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Lending

Lending protocols form the backbone of the decentralized money market, allowing users to lend or borrow digital assets without intermediaries. Using smart contracts, platforms like Aave and Morpho automate interest rates based on supply and demand while requiring over-collateralization for security. The 2026 lending landscape features advanced permissionless vaults and institutional-grade credit lines. This tag covers the evolution of capital efficiency, liquidations, and the integration of diverse collateral types, including LSTs and tokenized RWAs.

14914 Articles
Created: 2026/02/02 18:52
Updated: 2026/02/02 18:52
Ripple News: Ripple Partners with Immunefi to Strengthen XRPL Lending Protocol

Ripple News: Ripple Partners with Immunefi to Strengthen XRPL Lending Protocol

Ripple and Immunefi collaborate to secure the XRPL Lending Protocol. This partnership launches an Attackathon for $200,000 in rewards. In a major move, Ripple and Immunefi have officially teamed up for a new initiative. They are launching an “Attackathon” to enhance security greatly. This work focuses on the up-coming native XRPL Lending Protocol. Furthermore, this […] The post Ripple News: Ripple Partners with Immunefi to Strengthen XRPL Lending Protocol appeared first on Live Bitcoin News.

Author: LiveBitcoinNews

2025/10/14

PBOC sets USD/CNY reference rate at 7.1021 vs. 7.1007 previous

PBOC sets USD/CNY reference rate at 7.1021 vs. 7.1007 previous

The post PBOC sets USD/CNY reference rate at 7.1021 vs. 7.1007 previous appeared on BitcoinEthereumNews.com. The People’s Bank of China (PBOC) set the USD/CNY central rate for the trading session ahead on Tuesday at 7.1021 compared to the previous day’s fix of 7.1007 and 7.1353 Reuters estimate. PBOC FAQs The primary monetary policy objectives of the People’s Bank of China (PBoC) are to safeguard price stability, including exchange rate stability, and promote economic growth. China’s central bank also aims to implement financial reforms, such as opening and developing the financial market. The PBoC is owned by the state of the People’s Republic of China (PRC), so it is not considered an autonomous institution. The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) Committee Secretary, nominated by the Chairman of the State Council, has a key influence on the PBoC’s management and direction, not the governor. However, Mr. Pan Gongsheng currently holds both of these posts. Unlike the Western economies, the PBoC uses a broader set of monetary policy instruments to achieve its objectives. The primary tools include a seven-day Reverse Repo Rate (RRR), Medium-term Lending Facility (MLF), foreign exchange interventions and Reserve Requirement Ratio (RRR). However, The Loan Prime Rate (LPR) is China’s benchmark interest rate. Changes to the LPR directly influence the rates that need to be paid in the market for loans and mortgages and the interest paid on savings. By changing the LPR, China’s central bank can also influence the exchange rates of the Chinese Renminbi. Yes, China has 19 private banks – a small fraction of the financial system. The largest private banks are digital lenders WeBank and MYbank, which are backed by tech giants Tencent and Ant Group, per The Straits Times. In 2014, China allowed domestic lenders fully capitalized by private funds to operate in the state-dominated financial sector. Source: https://www.fxstreet.com/news/pboc-sets-usd-cny-reference-rate-at-71021-vs-71007-previous-202510140115

Author: BitcoinEthereumNews

2025/10/14

What ignited the powder keg? The leverage resonance effect in the 10.11 crypto avalanche

What ignited the powder keg? The leverage resonance effect in the 10.11 crypto avalanche

The cascading liquidations caused by extreme leverage using altcoins as collateral are a systemic risk triggered by external shocks when the market is structurally fragile. This article will analyze the underlying mechanisms from the perspective of market makers and large investors pledging altcoins to borrow stablecoins. There is a myth in ancient Greek mythology about a man who died chasing the sun. Icarus is a young man in Greek mythology who died chasing the sun. He and his father, Daedalus, were imprisoned by the King of Crete. Daedalus crafted two pairs of wings from wax and feathers, allowing him and his son to escape the island. Daedalus warned his son not to fly too high, but Icarus, complacent, flew too high, causing the wax on his wings to melt in the sun, leading to his death in the sea. To make an analogy, wings are leverage in the financial world, and flying too high is a sin. The catalyst for the October 11th crash: a macroeconomic "black swan" event that emerged before the powder keg On October 11, 2025, the market was hit by a sudden macroeconomic headwind: Trump announced that he would impose high tariffs on Chinese goods. This news instantly ignited risk aversion in global markets, causing investors to sell risky assets like stocks and cryptocurrencies and flock to safe-haven assets like the US dollar and gold. For a crypto market that has already accumulated a large amount of leverage and vulnerable positions, this is tantamount to throwing a spark into a powder keg. First Perspective: Market Makers’ (MM) “Neutral Strategy” Is Unbalanced Market makers play a key role in providing liquidity in the market. In theory, they earn the bid-ask spread through a "market neutral strategy" (holding both long and short positions to hedge risk), rather than betting on a unilateral market trend. Pursuit of capital efficiency: Market makers don't invest millions of dollars in real cash to create liquidity for every trading pair. Instead, exchanges allow them to stake their crypto assets (including a wide range of altcoins) to borrow stablecoins (such as USDT and USDC), which they then use to execute market-making strategies. For example, if a person stakes $1 million worth of an altcoin, with a 50% collateralization ratio, they can borrow $500,000 in stablecoins. Hidden risk exposure: In this model, although market makers may be “neutral” in the contract market, their balance sheets are not. Their collateralized pledged positions themselves are a huge risk point. The detonation process of 10.11: Market mutation: Trump’s tariff news triggered a panic drop in the market, and the prices of all altcoins plummeted following Bitcoin and Ethereum. Collateral value shrinks: The value of altcoins pledged by market makers has dropped rapidly, causing the health of their pledged positions to deteriorate sharply, approaching the liquidation line. Double pressure: At the same time, their market-making positions in the contract market (which may include some long orders to maintain balance) are also facing losses or even margin calls due to plummeting prices. Liquidation Initiation: When market makers are unable to add margin, the exchange’s liquidation system forcibly takes over their pledged altcoins and sells them at any cost in the spot market to repay the stablecoins they borrowed. A death spiral forms: Massive selling pressure in the spot market further drives down altcoin prices. Since futures prices closely track spot prices, this leads to another sharp drop in futures prices, which in turn triggers a collapse in more futures positions, both those held by market makers themselves and by other traders in the market. This creates a vicious cycle: contract liquidation → price drop → collateral value decreases → collateral is liquidated by spot → spot price drops further → triggering more contract liquidations. In the flash crash on October 11, the prices of many altcoins instantly dropped to zero or close to zero, precisely because the liquidity protection mechanism of market makers completely failed under the impact of the chain liquidation. Second perspective: The dilemma of “holding coins and earning interest” for large altcoin holders Altcoin traders (whales) face similar dilemmas as market makers, but their motivations and position structures are different. Sunk costs and impatient capital: Many large investors bought large amounts of altcoins in the middle and late stages of the bull market, anticipating a hundredfold increase. However, the market has failed to meet their expectations, leaving their funds locked up in these illiquid assets for a long time (e.g., Wbeth, Bnsol). Seeking additional income: In order to make the deposited funds generate income, they took the same approach: staking the altcoins they held on exchanges or DeFi protocols, borrowing stablecoins, and then using these stablecoins to conduct contract transactions, short-term speculation, or invest in other projects. Long-standing unhealthy positions: After a long period of sideways or downward movement, the health of many large investors' pledged positions has long been in a "sub-healthy" state. They may have become accustomed to hovering on the edge of the liquidation line, maintaining their positions through small margin calls. The last straw for 10.11: External shocks: The general decline triggered by the tariff incident has put their already fragile positions at risk. The dual variable threat: They face a double threat from two core variables: Losses in contract positions: The contract orders (most likely long orders) they opened with the borrowed stablecoins are losing money rapidly. A plunge in collateral value: This is even more fatal. Even if their contract positions can hold up for the time being, the collateral that serves as the foundation is being eroded. Once the collateral value falls below a certain threshold, the entire pledged position will be liquidated regardless of whether the contract position is profitable or not. Same spiral, different protagonists: When liquidations occur, the mechanism is identical to that of market makers: contract positions are closed in the futures market, while the collateralized altcoins are sold in the spot market. Each liquidation by a major trader becomes a bombshell that hits the market, accelerating the price collapse and triggering the next major trader's liquidation. This is equivalent to two liquidation lines occurring simultaneously: one by the market maker's arbitrage bots and the other by the liquidation engine. Conclusion: A structural avalanche triggered by extreme leverage The crypto market crash on October 11th was ostensibly driven by macroeconomic news, but the underlying cause was the extreme leverage accumulated within the market, using high-risk altcoins as collateral. This model tightly linked the spot and futures markets through collateralized lending, creating a highly fragile system. Resonance of risks: Risks in a single market (such as contract losses) will be quickly transmitted and amplified to another market (spot selling), and vice versa, forming a powerful resonance effect. Evaporation of liquidity: Under the stampede of serial liquidations, buying in the altcoin spot market was instantly drained, causing prices to plummet, or even temporarily drop to zero. Under the current crypto market structure, even market makers and large long-term coin holders without directional risk will put themselves and the entire market on the brink of systemic collapse due to the pursuit of extreme capital efficiency and leveraged returns. A seemingly unrelated external shock is enough to trigger the entire avalanche.

Author: PANews

2025/10/14

Next 100x Crypto: Mutuum Finance (MUTM) Joins Solana (SOL) Among Top Altcoins to Invest in 2025

Next 100x Crypto: Mutuum Finance (MUTM) Joins Solana (SOL) Among Top Altcoins to Invest in 2025

As Q4 2025 continues, cryptocurrency markets continue to experience swings, and innovative projects are eyeing gains. Industry leaders like Solana (SOL) are continuing to dazzle, delivering lightning-fast settlements and a burgeoning ecosystem that entices both retail and institutional investors However, as altcoins compete for headlines, there emerges a new contender, building momentum stealthily and turning […]

Author: Cryptopolitan

2025/10/14

Top 1000x Cryptos to Invest?

Top 1000x Cryptos to Invest?

The post Top 1000x Cryptos to Invest? appeared on BitcoinEthereumNews.com. Crypto News Ethereum, Cronos, and MoonBull ($MOBU) dominate the crypto scene. MoonBull presale is live – one of the top 1000x cryptos to invest now. Ethereum (ETH), Cronos, and MoonBull ($MOBU) are setting the stage for something extraordinary in 2025. Ethereum (ETH) continues to attract smart money as developers double down on blockchain scalability, while Cronos captures attention for its powerful ecosystem expansion. Yet amid all the excitement, a new name has everyone talking: MoonBull ($MOBU), a presale sensation rewriting what early investment potential means. With its presale live, exclusive staking features, and jaw-dropping community rewards, this project is turning heads faster than any in recent memory. The buzz feels electric, the entry price feels almost unreal, and investors are already racing to secure their share before the price jumps. This article will cover the developments and updates of all three coins: MoonBull ($MOBU), Ethereum (ETH), and Cronos. MoonBull ($MOBU): 95% APY Staking and a Referral System that Actually Pays MoonBull ($MOBU) doesn’t just promise returns, it engineers them. At Stage 10 of its presale, the project introduces a fixed 95% APY staking program, letting every holder enjoy real passive rewards. By staking directly from the MoonBull dashboard, users can earn daily compounding returns with a simple two-month reward lock. Flexibility rules here: stake, earn, and unstake at any time. With 14.68 million $MOBU tokens allocated to staking, early believers gain consistent growth while the token supply stabilizes. But the excitement doesn’t stop there. The referral system amplifies engagement by giving both parties 15% instant bonuses. That means referrers earn 15% of every invitee’s purchase, while the new buyer receives an additional 15% in tokens right away. On top of that, monthly leaders collect 10% and 5% USDC bonuses. With over $8.05 billion $MOBU reserved for referrals, this isn’t marketing…

Author: BitcoinEthereumNews

2025/10/14

Ripple and Immunefi Offer Up to $200,000 to Find Potential Flaws in XRP Ledger Lending Protocol

Ripple and Immunefi Offer Up to $200,000 to Find Potential Flaws in XRP Ledger Lending Protocol

The post Ripple and Immunefi Offer Up to $200,000 to Find Potential Flaws in XRP Ledger Lending Protocol appeared on BitcoinEthereumNews.com. COINOTAG recommends • Exchange signup 💹 Trade with pro tools Fast execution, robust charts, clean risk controls. 👉 Open account → COINOTAG recommends • Exchange signup 🚀 Smooth orders, clear control Advanced order types and market depth in one view. 👉 Create account → COINOTAG recommends • Exchange signup 📈 Clarity in volatile markets Plan entries & exits, manage positions with discipline. 👉 Sign up → COINOTAG recommends • Exchange signup ⚡ Speed, depth, reliability Execute confidently when timing matters. 👉 Open account → COINOTAG recommends • Exchange signup 🧭 A focused workflow for traders Alerts, watchlists, and a repeatable process. 👉 Get started → COINOTAG recommends • Exchange signup ✅ Data‑driven decisions Focus on process—not noise. 👉 Sign up → The XRP Ledger lending protocol attackathon is a two-stage security program from Ripple and Immunefi offering up to $200,000 for validated bug reports. Participants get a two‑week devnet training window, then an attack period from October 27 to November 29 focused on fund security and solvency risks. Up to $200,000 reward pool for valid vulnerabilities Two‑week educational access to devnet guides, engineer support, and test environments Targets include liquidation logic, interest accrual errors, and administrative attack vectors; fallback pool of $30,000 if no critical bugs found XRP Ledger lending protocol attackathon: Ripple and Immunefi offer up to $200,000 for valid bug reports. Join devnet training and test the code to earn rewards. Published: 2025-10-13. Updated: 2025-10-13. Author/Organization: COINOTAG. COINOTAG recommends • Professional traders group 💎 Join a professional trading community Work with senior traders, research‑backed setups, and risk‑first frameworks. 👉 Join the group → COINOTAG recommends • Professional traders group 📊 Transparent performance, real process Spot strategies with documented months of triple‑digit runs during strong trends; futures plans use defined R:R and sizing. 👉 Get access → COINOTAG recommends…

Author: BitcoinEthereumNews

2025/10/14

ETH Holds Steady at $4,174 as Cronos Targets New Highs – MoonBull Rockets to Stage 5 Among the Top 1000x Cryptos to Invest

ETH Holds Steady at $4,174 as Cronos Targets New Highs – MoonBull Rockets to Stage 5 Among the Top 1000x Cryptos to Invest

Ethereum (ETH), Cronos, and MoonBull ($MOBU) are setting the stage for something extraordinary in 2025. Ethereum (ETH) continues to attract […] The post ETH Holds Steady at $4,174 as Cronos Targets New Highs – MoonBull Rockets to Stage 5 Among the Top 1000x Cryptos to Invest appeared first on Coindoo.

Author: Coindoo

2025/10/14

JPMorgan May Enter Crypto Trading Using Third-Party Custodians, Potentially Expanding Bitcoin Access for Clients

JPMorgan May Enter Crypto Trading Using Third-Party Custodians, Potentially Expanding Bitcoin Access for Clients

The post JPMorgan May Enter Crypto Trading Using Third-Party Custodians, Potentially Expanding Bitcoin Access for Clients appeared on BitcoinEthereumNews.com. COINOTAG recommends • Exchange signup 💹 Trade with pro tools Fast execution, robust charts, clean risk controls. 👉 Open account → COINOTAG recommends • Exchange signup 🚀 Smooth orders, clear control Advanced order types and market depth in one view. 👉 Create account → COINOTAG recommends • Exchange signup 📈 Clarity in volatile markets Plan entries & exits, manage positions with discipline. 👉 Sign up → COINOTAG recommends • Exchange signup ⚡ Speed, depth, reliability Execute confidently when timing matters. 👉 Open account → COINOTAG recommends • Exchange signup 🧭 A focused workflow for traders Alerts, watchlists, and a repeatable process. 👉 Get started → COINOTAG recommends • Exchange signup ✅ Data‑driven decisions Focus on process—not noise. 👉 Sign up → JPMorgan will participate in crypto trading but is not offering custody services itself; the bank plans to rely on third‑party custodians to support client access to Bitcoin, Ethereum and related products while focusing on trading, lending and stablecoin initiatives. JPMorgan will trade crypto but not self-custody Bank will use third‑party custodians and explore loans backed by digital assets. JPMorgan announced a $10B US investment plan as part of a broader $1.5T pledge this year. Will JPMorgan offer crypto custody? JPMorgan will trade crypto while using third‑party custodians; understand implications for clients and markets. Read COINOTAG analysis. By COINOTAG — Published Oct 13, 2025 | Updated Oct 13, 2025 COINOTAG recommends • Professional traders group 💎 Join a professional trading community Work with senior traders, research‑backed setups, and risk‑first frameworks. 👉 Join the group → COINOTAG recommends • Professional traders group 📊 Transparent performance, real process Spot strategies with documented months of triple‑digit runs during strong trends; futures plans use defined R:R and sizing. 👉 Get access → COINOTAG recommends • Professional traders group 🧭 Research → Plan → Execute…

Author: BitcoinEthereumNews

2025/10/14

Ripple Is Offering $200K to ‘Attack’ XRP Ledger Lending Protocol

Ripple Is Offering $200K to ‘Attack’ XRP Ledger Lending Protocol

The post Ripple Is Offering $200K to ‘Attack’ XRP Ledger Lending Protocol appeared on BitcoinEthereumNews.com. In brief Ripple is teaming with blockchain security firm Immunefi to host an “attackathon” for the XRP Ledger lending protocol. If one serious bug is found, a full $200,000 will be provided to participants. The protocol aims to eventually offer fixed-term, uncollateralized loans on the XRP Ledger. Ripple is offering up to $200,000 to users who find security flaws in the proposed XRP Ledger lending protocol, incentivizing white hat hackers to “attack” the upcoming platform. The rewards are part of an “attackathon” hosted by Ripple and blockchain security firm Immunefi that asks security researchers to poke and prod the codebase to find potential flaws, with a particular focus given to bugs that impact fund security and vault solvency.  “The XRPL community is preparing for one of its most significant upgrades yet with the proposed lending protocol, which is expected to go to validator vote later this year. Before any major amendment like this moves forward, it’s critical to ensure the code is as secure and resilient as possible,” RippleX Head of Product Jasmine Cooper told Decrypt.  “Partnering with Immunefi, one of the top on-chain security platforms, allows us to tap into a global network of elite researchers who have secured some of the largest DeFi protocols to date,” she added. “The Attackathon is just one part of a broader, layered security process.”  To encourage those without experience on XRP Ledger, the firms are opening a two-week educational period for interested participants. During this time, researchers can gain support from Ripple engineers, access devnet guides and test environments, and more.  After the education period is over, the attackathon will begin on October 27 and run through November 29.  “If even one valid bug is found during the program, the full $200,000 is unlocked and will be distributed,” the announcement post…

Author: BitcoinEthereumNews

2025/10/14

Mutuum Finance (MUTM) Announces Development of Lending & Borrowing Protocol, Surpasses $17 Million

Mutuum Finance (MUTM) Announces Development of Lending & Borrowing Protocol, Surpasses $17 Million

Mutuum Finance is one of the most credible DeFi entrants under $0.05. More than $17.1 million has been raised, over 750 million tokens allocated, and the community has expanded to more than 16,800 holders. The project has confirmed progress on its technical rollout.

Author: Hackernoon

2025/10/14

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